Space Science and Technology for Sustainable Development and Climate Resilience in Africa: A Review of Emerging Applications and Challenges

Rufus Oladosu Olakunle; Abdulrahman Adegbite; Harry Obimba; Tosin Awotoye; Linda Abegunde; Jamiu Taiwo Aileru

doi:10.62292/njp.v35(s).2026.731

Authors

Rufus Oladosu Olakunle
director.csls@nasrda.gov.ng

Centre for Space Life Sciences, National Space Research and Development Agency, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
Abdulrahman Adegbite
Harry Obimba
Tosin Awotoye
Linda Abegunde
Jamiu Taiwo Aileru

Keywords:

Space Technology, Sustainable Development in Africa, NASRDA, African Space Agency

Abstract

This study undertakes a systematic review to examine the role of space science and technology in addressing Africa’s pressing challenges in agriculture, water management, disaster resilience, urbanization, and digital inclusion. Evaluating how Earth Observation, satellite navigation, and communication technologies contribute to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) being its main objective. The review draws on secondary sources, including peer‑reviewed journals, space agency reports, and global datasets, with content analysis employed to identify thematic applications and emerging trends. The analysis highlights major themes: precision agriculture, groundwater mapping, urban growth monitoring, disaster early warning systems, climate adaptation, natural resource conservation, and digital inclusion. Case studies from Kenya, Nigeria, Ethiopia, Rwanda, and Mozambique demonstrate measurable benefits, including strengthened food security, improved water resource management, guided infrastructure planning, and enhanced resilience to climate‑induced hazards. Institutional initiatives by the National Space Research and Development Agency (NASRDA) in Nigeria and the African Space Agency further illustrate Africa’s growing commitment to harnessing space technologies for socio‑economic transformation. Despite these advances, more still needs to be done to meet the international standard. Persistent barriers affecting Africa include limited funding, dependence on external datasets, and shortages of technical expertise, which constrain the scalability and sustainability of interventions. Future directions should prioritize investment in indigenous satellite missions, expansion of STEM education, and regional cooperation to build capacity and ensure data sovereignty. Overall, the review underscores that space science offers Africa a strategic pathway to resilience, innovation, and inclusive growth, positioning the continent to accelerate progress toward the SDGs and secure a sustainable future.

Dimensions

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Space Science and Technology for Sustainable Development and Climate Resilience in Africa: A Review of Emerging Applications and Challenges

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