Investigating The Statistical Relationship Between Forbush Decreases and Coronal Mass Ejection

Main Article Content

O. C. Nwuzor
A. E. Umahi
O. Okike

Abstract

Forbush decrease is a rapid decrease in the observed galactic cosmic ray intensity following a coronal mass ejection (CME). We have studied Forbush decreases (FDs) associated with coronal mass ejection. This was done using cosmic ray data observed at Climax neutron monitor, during the period of 2000 to 2005 with coronal mass ejections (CMEs) relative speed data. Manual method (epoch analysis) of Forbush decreases was used to analyze the cosmic ray data. We have found that about (96%) Forbush decreases associated with coronal mass ejections (CMEs), while about 4% of the observed FDs did not associate with CMEs. It was also observed that the higher the magnitude of FDs the longer the recovery time and vice versa. We have found positive but less significant correlation with correlation coefficient (cc = 0.078) between magnitudes of Forbush decreases associated with coronal mass ejections. This affirms that FDs are actually associated with CMEs.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Article Details

How to Cite
Nwuzor, O. C., Umahi, A. E., & Okike, O. (2023). Investigating The Statistical Relationship Between Forbush Decreases and Coronal Mass Ejection. Nigerian Journal of Physics, 32(2), 40–47. Retrieved from https://njp.nipngr.org/index.php/njp/article/view/87
Section
Articles

References

Belov, A. (2009): Forbush effects and their connection with solar, interplanetary and geomagnetic phenomena. Gopalswamy, N., Webb, D.F. (Eds.), Proc. IAU Symp., Cambridge University Press, London (257), 439-450.

Belov, A., Abunin, A., Abunina, M., Eroshenko, E., Oleneva, V., Yanke, V. and Yashiro, S. (2014): Forbush decreases in the cosmic radiation. Solar Physics, 289.

Belov, A. V. (2008): Forbush effects and their connection with solar, interplanetary and geomagnetic phenomena. Proceedings IAU Symposium, 257. doi: 10.1017/ S1743921309029676

Burlaga, L. F., Sittler, E., Mariana, F., & Schwen, R. (1981): Magnetic loop behind an interplanetary shock: Voyager Helios and IMP 8 observations. J. Geoohvs. Res., 86, 6673.

Cane, H. (2000): Coronal Mass Ejections and Forbush Decreases. Space Science Reviews, 93, 55–77.

Cane, H. V., Richardson, I. G., & von Rosenvinge, T. T. (1996): Cosmic ray decreases: 1964-1994. Journal of Geophysical Research, 101 (A10), 21561–21572. doi: 10.1029/ 96JA01964

Dumbovi c, M., Vrnak, B., Calogovi c, J., & Karlica, M. (2011): Cosmic ray modula- tion by solar wind disturbances. EDP Sciences, 91, 17. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/ 201016006

Forbush, S. E. (1958): The continuation of Terrestrial Magnetism and Atmospheric Electricity. Journal of Geophysical Research, 63 (4), 651–669.

Gold, T. (1960): Energetic particle fluxes in the solar system near the earth. Astrophy. J. Suppl. Ser , 4 , 406.

Lingri, D., Mavromichalaki, H., Belov, A., Eroshenko, E., Yanke, V., Abunin, A., & Abunina, M. (2016): Solar Activity Parameters and Associated Forbush Decreases During the Minimum Between Cycles 23 and 24 and the Ascending Phase of Cycle 24. Solar Phys, 291 , 1025-1041.

Lockwood, J. (1971): Forbush decreases in the cosmic radiation. Space Science Reviews, 12, 658–715.

Lockwood, J. A., Webber, W. R., and Jokipii, J. R. (1986): Characteristic recovery times of Forbush-type decreases in the cosmic radiation: 1. Observations at Earth at different energies. J. Geophys. Res., 91, 2851-2857.

Nishida, A. (1983). Numerical Modeling of the Energy Spectrum of the Cosmic ray Forbush Decrease. Journal of Geophysical Research, 88 (A2), 785–791.

Okike, O. (2019): Chree Method of Analysis: A Critique of Its Application to Forbush Events Selection Criteria and Timing. The Astrophysical Journal, 882 (15), 12.

Okike, O., and Umahi, A. E. (2019): The Empirical Implication of Conducting a Chree Analysis Using Data from Isolated Neutron Monitors. Solar Phys., 294 (16), 21. doi: doi.org/10.1007/s11207-019-1405-y

Parker, E. N. (1963): Dynamics of the geomagnetic storm. Space Science Reviews, 1, 62–99.

Richardson, I. G. (2004): Energetic particles and corotating interaction regions in the solar wind. Space Sci. Rev., 121, 267.

Sankar Narayan Patra, K. G., and Panja, S. C. (2011): Time variation analysis of the daily Forbush decrease indices. Astrophys Space Sci., 334, 317–323.

Simpson, J. A., Babcock, H. W., and Babcock, H. D. (1955): Association of a”Unipolar” Magnetic Region on the Sun with Changes of Primary Cosmic-Ray Intensity. Phys. Rev., 98, 1402.

Verma, P., Patel, N. K., and Prajapati, M. (2014): Coronal Mass Ejections, Interplanetary Shocks In Relation With Forbush Decreases Associated With Intense Geomagnetic Storms. Journal of Physic, 511, 012057.

Yashiro, S., Michalek, G., and Gopalswamy, N. (2008): A comparison of coronal mass ejections identified by manual and automatic methods. Ann. Geophys., 26, 31033112.

Zhang, G., and Burlaga, L. F. (1988): Magnetic clouds, geomagnetic disturbances and cosmic ray decreases. J. Geoohvs. Res., 93, 2511.