SEASONAL VARIATION OF SURFACE REFRACTIVITY AND ITS DISTINCT COMPONENTS IN ILORIN, KWARA STATE, NIGERIA

Authors

Keywords:

Atmosphere, Troposphere, Atmospheric parameters, Refractivity, Propagation

Abstract

This work investigated both wet and dry component of seasonal variations in the tropospheric surface refractivity of Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria in order to understand the tropospheric propagation of radio-waves based on its weather parameters. Utilizing the meteorological data acquired from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency, Ilorin, the seasonal surface refractivity for both dry (November to March) and rainy (April to October) seasons for the years 2000 to 2002 were calculated via averaging the seasonal values i.e., dry (November to March) and rainy (April to October) of relative humidity, temperature and pressure individually then inputting into the refractivity formula. The result shows the comparison between the 3years span that the maximum surface refractivity (126.85 N-units, 190.50 N-units and 135.24 N-units) respectively during the rainy season (that is, April to October) as compared to the maximum surface refractivity (126.22 N-units, 116.49 N-units and 118.77 N-units) respectively during the dry season (that is, November to March) therefore showing a variation between tropospheric surface refractivity in rainy season (April-October), which is higher than in dry season (November-March)  mainly due to enormous water content in the atmosphere (troposphere) during the month of April to October. Also, both the dry component (Ndry) and wet component of surface refractivity (Nwet) for the months of April to October are more than that of of November to March due to high moisture content for the stipulated 3 years period and thereby the wet component (Nwet) of the surface refractivity has higher values in both seasons than the dry component (Ndry) of the surface refractivity

Dimensions

Abimbola O. J., Bada S. O., Falaiye A. O., Sukam Y. M., Otto M. S. and Muhammad S. (2021):

Estimation of radio refractivity from satellite-derived meteorological data over a decade for West Africa, Scientific African, 14, e01054. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sciaf.2021.e01054.

Adediji, A.T and Ajewole, M.O (2008): Vertical profile of Radio refractivity gradient in Akure southwest Nigeria, Progress in Electromagnetic Research C., 4, 157 – 168.

Adediji, A.T., Ajewole, M.O., Ojo J.S., Ashidi, A.G., Ismail M. and Mandeep, J.S (2015): Influence of some meteorological factors on Tropospheric Radio Refractivity over a Tropical location in Nigeria, Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 125 – 127.

Adeyemi, B (2004): Tropospheric radio refractivity over 3 radiosonde stations in Nigeria, Ife Journal of Science, 6(2), 167 – 176.

Agbo, G.A., Okoro O.N., Amechi A.O (2013): Atmospheric Refractivity over Abuja, Nigeria, International Research Journal of Pure and Applied Physics, 1(1), 37 – 45.

Ali S., Malik S.A., Alimgeer, K.S., Khan, K.S. and Ali, R.L (2011): Statistical estimation of tropospheric radio refractivity derived from 10 years meteorological data, Journal of atmospheric and solar-Terrestrial physics, 77, 196 – 103.

Bawa, M., Ayantunji B.G., Mai-Unguwa H., Galadanchi, G.S.M and Shamsuddeen, I.M (2015): Study of Average Hourly Variations of Radio Refractivity Variations across Some Selected Cities in Nigeria, IOSR Journal of Applied Physics (IOSR-JAP), 7(6), 37 – 43.

Bean, B.R. and Horn, J.D (1959): Radio refractive-index of climate near the ground, Journal of Research of the National Bureau of standard – D. radio propagation, 63D(3).

Bean, B.R (1966): Radio Meteorology, New York, USA.

Edet, C.O., Eno E.E. and Ettah, E.B (2017): Monthly Variation of Radio Refractivity in Calabar, Nigeria, International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology (IJSRET), 6(4), 315 – 317.

Falaiye O. A., Abimbola O. J., Omojola J. and Akinyanju D. S. (2016): Spacio-Temporal Variation

of Radio Refractivity in Lafia, Nasarawa State using CM SAF ATOVS Satellite Data, FULAFIA Journal of Science and Technology, 2(1), 111 – 116.

Falodun, S.E. and Ajewole, M.O (2006): Radio-Refractive index in the lowest region (100 m) of the troposphere in Akure, South – western Journal of Atmospheric & Solarterrestrial physics, 68, 236 – 243.

Freeman, R.L (2007): Radio System Design for Telecommunications, Hoboken, New Jersey, John Wiley & Sons Inc Pb., 880.

Hall, M.P.M (1979): Effects of the Troposphere on Radio Communication, Institute of Electrical Engineers.

Hughes, K.A (1998): Radio Propagation Data from Tropical Regions: A Brief Review of a seminar on Radio Propagation in Tropical Regions, An unpublished lecture note presented at Centre for Theoretical Physics.

Igwe, K.C. and Adimula, I.A (2009): Variations of Surface Radio Refractivity and Radio Refractive Index Gradients in the sub-Sahel, Nigerian Journal of Space Research, 6, 135 – 144.

Ikeh, U.C. and Okeke, C.C (2016): The Study of Surface Radio Refractivity in Awka, South Eastern Nigeria, Journal of Geography, Environment and Earth Science International, 1-7 Article No. JGEESI.25880, 6(2), 3 – 7.

Okoro, O.N. and Agbo, G.A (2012): The Effect of Variation of Meteorological Parameters on the Tropospheric Radio Refractivity for Minna, Global Journal of Science Frontier Research Physics & Space Science, 12(2), 4 – 6.

Priestley, J.T. and Hill, R.J (1985): Measuring High–Frequency Refractive Index in the Surface Layer, Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 2(2), 233 – 251.

Thayer, G.D (1974): An improved equation for radio refractive index of air, Radio Science. 9(10), 803 – 807.

Ukhurebor, K., Batubo T.B., Abiodun, I.C., Enoyoze, E.B (2017): The Influence of Air Temperature on the Dew Point Temperature in Benin City, Nigeria. J. Appl. Sci. Environ. Manage, 21(4), 657 – 660.

Ukhurebor, K.E., Azi S.O., Abiodun, I.C. and Ojiemudia, S.E (2018): Influence of Weather Variables on Atmospheric Refractivity over Auchi Town, Edo State, Nigeria. Journal of Applied Science & Environment Management, 22(4), 471 – 475.

Willoughby, A.A., Aro T.O., Owolabi, I.E (2002): Seasonal variations of radio refractivity gradients in Nigeria, Journal of Atmospheric & Solar – terrestrial physics, 64, 417 – 425.

Published

2022-12-30

How to Cite

Otto, M. S., Abimbola, O. J., Sanderson, E., Bello, A. A., Falaiye, O. A., & Abe, A. O. (2022). SEASONAL VARIATION OF SURFACE REFRACTIVITY AND ITS DISTINCT COMPONENTS IN ILORIN, KWARA STATE, NIGERIA. Nigerian Journal of Physics, 31(2), 85-96. https://njp.nipngr.org/index.php/njp/article/view/63

Issue

Vol. 31 No. 2 (2022): Nigerian Journal of Physics - Vol. 31 No. 2

Section

Articles
Copyright & Licensing

How to Cite

Otto, M. S., Abimbola, O. J., Sanderson, E., Bello, A. A., Falaiye, O. A., & Abe, A. O. (2022). SEASONAL VARIATION OF SURFACE REFRACTIVITY AND ITS DISTINCT COMPONENTS IN ILORIN, KWARA STATE, NIGERIA. Nigerian Journal of Physics, 31(2), 85-96. https://njp.nipngr.org/index.php/njp/article/view/63

Most read articles by the same author(s)