Spectral Transformation of Aeromagnetic data for Local Sub-Basin Delineation within Parts of the Cretaceous Middle Benue Trough

Authors

Keywords:

Exploration, Fourier transform, SUB-BASIN structures, Aeromagnetic Anomalies, Least-Square Polynomial Smoothening

Abstract

Spectral valuation of aeromagnetic data was undertaken within segments of the Middle Benue trough in order to delineate local sub-basin structures favourable to hydrocarbon accumulation; determine the depths to magnetic sources and hence estimate the thickness of the sedimentary materials within them. Standard processing and interpretation procedure involving coordinate system reprojection; regional-residual separation by means of least square polynomial smoothening and application of discrete Fourier Transform for the Spectral Analysis of (25) blocks carefully chosen to ensure inclusion of essential and interesting anomaly signatures were undertaken. Findings from the analysis show models with two-depth solutions, deep and shallow depth solution models. The deep depth-source model showed depth solutions varying between 0.65 km and 5.02 km and the shallow depth-source model revealed depth solutions ranging from 0.3 Km to 0.5 Km with the average magnetic source depth for the study area being 2.48 km. The deep depth sources are probably due to presence of thick sedimentary sequences with the thickest sedimentary sequences found around Tsuwa sub basins, SW of the study location and around Igbor sub basin, NW of the study location and on this basis; the two sub-basin structures were identified as most promising for hydrocarbon prospects. The shallow depth sources are hypothesized to be due to metallic ore deposits widely reported within the general vicinity. The results obtained have important implications for petroleum and mineral exploration.



Dimensions

Adighue, C. (1981) A gravity interpretation of the Benue Trough Nigeria. Tectonophysics, 79, pp. 126 -136.

Ahmed, N.M. (1991). Spectral Analysis of Aeromagnetic Data Over the Middle Benue Trough, Nigeria; research publication; M.Sc. thesis University of Nigeria Nsukka.

Alagbe, O.A. and Sunmonu, L.A. (2014). Interpretation of Aeromagnetic Data from Upper Benue Basin, Nigeria Using Automated Techniques. IOSR Journal of Applied Geology and Geophysics, 2(5), 22-40. https:// doi.org/10.9790/0990-0252240

Ayua, K.J., Ugwu, J.U. and Hassan, Y. (2023). Re-evaluation of HRAM data of Gboko and Katsina-ala area for hydrocarbon and solid mineral potential, World Scientific News, 178 (2023), pp. 56-78. Available online at www.worldscientificnews.com

Blakely, R.J. and Simpson, R.W. (1986). Approximating Edges of Source Bodies from Magnetic or Gravity Anomalies: Geophysics 51(7), pp. 1494 - 1498.

Burke K, Dessauvagie TFJ, Whiteman A (l 970). Geological history of the Benue Valley and Adjacent areas: In T.F. J. Dessauvagie and AJ. Whiteman (eds), African Geology. University of Ibadan Press, Nigeria. Pp. 187-205.

Constant, T.N., Fidele, K., Eliezer, M.D. (2010). Structural Features of South-Adamawa, Cameroon Inferred from Magnetic Anomalies: Hydrogeological Implications. Comptes Rendus Geoscience, 342, pp. 467 – 474.

Cratchley C.R. and Jones G.P. (1965). An interpretation of Geology and Gravity anomalies of the Benue Valley Nigeria. Geophy. Pap. Overseas Geol. Surv. London, 1, pp. 17-25.

Dobrin, M.B. and Savit, C.H. (1988). Introduction to Geophysical Prospecting. McGraw-Hill Book Co. Singapore, pp. 633 - 635.

Falebita, D.E. and Ayua, K.J. (2022). Appraisal of lineaments for groundwater prognosis in the Middle Benue Trough, Nigeria – A Case Study. Sustainable Water Resources Management. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40899-022-00791-1

Geological Survey of Nigeria. (2006). Geologic Map of Nigeria. Geological Survey Department: Ministry of Petroleum and Mineral Resources: Abuja, Nigeria.

Grant, N.K. (1971). A compilation of radiometric age from Nigeria. Journal of Mining Geology, 6, pp. 37-54.

Hoque, M. and Nwajide, C.S. (1984). Tectono-Sedimentological evolution of an elongate Intracratonic basin {aulacogen}: The case of the Benue Trough of Nigeria. Journal of Mining and Geology, 21(1&2), pp. 19-26.

I

dowu, J.O. and Ekweozor, C.M. (1993). Petroleum Potential of Cretacious Shales in the Upper Benue Trough, Nigeria. Journal of Petroleum Geology, 21, 105-118. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-5457.1993.tb00337.x

International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF-12) model, (2015). Magnetic Field Calculator: http://geomag.nrcan.gc.ca/calc/mfcal-en.php. Accessed 08th September, 2017.

Jika, H. T. and Mamah, L. I. (2014). Application of electromagnetic method and electrical resistivity sounding in hydrogeological studies, a case study of Vandeikya area, central Nigeria. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 3(2), pp. 179-190.

Nur, M. A., Onuoha, K. M. and Ofoegbu, C. O. (1994). Spectral Analysis of Aeromagnetic Data over the Middle Benue Trough, Nigeria. Journal of Mining and Geology, 30(2), pp. 211-217

Nwachukwu JI(1985). Petroleum Prospects of Benue Trough, Nigeria. Am Assoc. Pet. Geol. Bull. 69 (4): 601-609.

Nwajide, C.S. (1990). Cretacious Sedimenatation and Paleogeography of the Central Benue Trough. In: Ofoegbu, C.O.; (Ed.), The Benue. Tough Structure and Evolution. International Monograph Series. Braunschweig, pp. 19-38.

Nwosu, O.B (2014). Determination of Magnetic Basement Depth over Parts of Middle Benue Trough by Source Parameter Imaging (SPI) Technique Using HRAM. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research. 3 (1), 2277-8616

Nwosu, O.B. (2015). Qualitative interpretation of aeromagnetic data over parts of Middle Benue Trough Nigeria using HRAM, Standard Scientific Research and Essays, 3(2), pp. 026-032.

Obaje, N. G. (2009). Geology and Mineral resources of Nigeria. Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York, 224 pp.

Obaje, N.G., Wehner, H., Scheeder, G., Abubakar, M.B. and Jauro, A. (2004). Hydrocarbon prospectivity of Nigeria’s inland basins: from the viewpoint of organic geochemistry and organic petrology. AAPG Bull, 87, pp. 325–353.

Offodile, M.E. (1976). The geology of the middle Benue Nigeria. Dissertation, Univ. of Uppsala Sweden.

Ofoegbu, C.O. (1985). Long Wavelength anomalies and the crustal structure underneath the Benue Trough and surrounding regions, Nig. J. Min. Geol. 22: 45 - 50.

Ofoegbu, C.O. (1984). Aeromagnetic anomalies over the lower and middle Benue Trough Nigeria; Nig. J. Min. Geol. 21: 103- 108.

Ofoegbu, C.O. (1986). A preliminary result of a pseudogravity study of the Benue Trough, Nigeria. J. Afr. Earth Sci. 5: 187- 192

Ofoegbu, C.O., and Onuoha, K.M. (1991). Analysis o f magnetic data over the Abakaliki Anticlinorium of the Lower Benue Trough, Nigeria. Marine and Petr. Geol. 8:174-183.

Ogah, V.E. and Jatau, B.S. (2014). Airborne Magnetic Study of Otukpo Area. International research Journal of Pure and Applied Physics. 2(3), 15-24.

Olade, M.A. (1975). Evolution of Nigerian Benue trough (Aulocogen): A tectonic model. Geol. Mag. 112: pp. 575 -583.

Onwuemesi, A.G. (1997). One-dimensional spectral analysis of aeromagnetic anomalies and curie depth isotherm in the Anambra basin of Nigeria. J. Geodynamics. 23(2): 95-107.

Opara, A.I., Ekwe, A.C., Okereke, C.N., Oha, I.A. and Nosiri, O.P. (2012). Integrating Airborne Magnetic and Landsat Data for Geologic Interpretation over part of the Benin Basin, Nigeria. Pacific Journal of Science and Technology. 13(1), 556-571.

Petters, S.W. (1982). Central West African Cretacious-Tertiary Benthic Foraminifera and Stratigraphy. Palaeontographica Abteilung, 179, 1-104.

Press, W.H., Teukolsky, S.A., Vetterling, W.T. and Flannery, B.P. (1992). Numerical recipes in C: The art of scientific computing. Second Edition. Cambridge University Press.

Samuel, O.A., Olusola, J.O. and Olabisi, A.A. (2011). Stratigraphic Evolution and Petroleum Potential of Middle Cretaceous Sediments in the Lower and Middle Benue Trough, Nigeria: Insights from New Source Rock Facies Evaluation. Petrol. Technol. Devel. J. 1, pp. 81 – 87.

Spector, A. and Grant, F.S. (1970). Statistical models for interpreting aeromagnetic Data; Geophy. 25: 293-302.

Sultan, A.S.A., Hassan, S.S. and Wael, R.G. (2015). Integrated Geophysical Interpretation for Delineating the Structural Elements and Groundwater Aquifers at Central Part of Sinai Peninsula, Egypt. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 105, pp. 93 - 106.

World Geodetic System, 1984

Wright, J. B., Hastings, D., Jones, W.B. and Williams, H.R. (1985). Geology and Mineral resources of West Africa. George Allen and Urwin, London. 90-120, 1985.

Published

2023-07-03

How to Cite

Ayua, K. J., Ugwu, J. U., & Eze, M. O. (2023). Spectral Transformation of Aeromagnetic data for Local Sub-Basin Delineation within Parts of the Cretaceous Middle Benue Trough. Nigerian Journal of Physics, 32(1), 28-39. https://njp.nipngr.org/index.php/njp/article/view/17

Issue

Vol. 32 No. 1 (2023): Nigerian Journal of Physics - Vol. 32 No. 1

Section

Articles
Copyright & Licensing

How to Cite

Ayua, K. J., Ugwu, J. U., & Eze, M. O. (2023). Spectral Transformation of Aeromagnetic data for Local Sub-Basin Delineation within Parts of the Cretaceous Middle Benue Trough. Nigerian Journal of Physics, 32(1), 28-39. https://njp.nipngr.org/index.php/njp/article/view/17