Structural, Infra-red and Morphological Effect of Sm3+ Doped Barium Titanate Nanoparticles
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Abstract
Barium titanate (BaTiO3) ceramics, prepared by the sol-gel method, were investigated considering the influence of the doped samarium concentration. Undoped BaTiO3 and doped BaTi1-xSmxO3 (x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2) were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX). XRD results shows the replacement of Ti4+ ions (0.605 Å) by the bigger Sm3+ ions (0.958 Å) leading to the variation in cell parameter demonstrating the increase in lattice parameter with the increase of Sm content. The calculated tolerance value was 0.952 considering Sm-at B-site for BaTi1-xSmxO3 indicating a cubic perovskite structure, a strong absorption peak for pure BT powder is observed around 493 cm-1, signifying the stretching of normal vibration for Ti-O octahedron. Another absorption peaks for the same mode are observed at 503 and 512 cm-1 for x = 0.1 and 0.2 respectively. FESEM show that the particles follow a normal distribution, with average particle sizes of 73.5 nm and 70.5 nm for x = 0.0 and x = 0.2 respectively, that is to say that the particle size decreases slightly with Sm concentrations, EDX spectra confirms the presence of Ba, Ti, O and dopant in our prepared sample of the same constituents.
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