CATEGORIZATION OF MEASURED RAINFALL RATES AND ESTIMATION OF THEIR IMPACT ON RADIO WAVE PROPAGATION AT HIGHER FREQUENCY BAND (12.5 GHz) IN WUKARI, TARABA STATE, NIGERIA
Main Article Content
Abstract
This study presents the categorization of measured rainfall rate and estimation of their impact on radio wave propagating at 12.5GHz. Rain rate at one minute interval were measured using Davis Vantage Vue weather station which is equipped with an integrated sensor suite (ISS) and weather link data logger. The rainfall rates were measured and categorized into Drizzle (≤5mm/hr), Widespread (>5≤25mm/hr), Shower (>25≤50mm/hr) and Thunder (>50mm/hr). The results obtained revealed that the impact of drizzle (≤5mm/hr) on the radio signal is not significant regardless the duration of rainfall. The results also revealed that severe signal losses recorded under shower (>25≤50mm/hr) and thunderstorm (>50mm/hr) were due to a greater value of BER (≥10-9) which affected and reduced the level of the received signal as such limiting the performance of the propagated signal under rain. This is because, for a satisfactory performance of radio link under rain, the measured BER should be less than 10-9as recommended by ITU-R. The results further revealed that widespread (>5≤25mm/hr) that prevailed for a longer period also causes severe signal losses. This is to say that lower rain rate of about 25mm/hr that prevailed for a very long time have significant effect on the propagated signal
Downloads
Article Details
References
Abayomi Y.I.O. and Khamis. N. H. Haji, (2012): Rain Attenuation Modelling and Mitigation in the Tropics: Brief Review, International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2(6), 748–757.
Abdullah G., Ali A., and Farshid G. (2012): Propagation engineering in wireless communication. Springer science+Business Media, 453.
Ajewole M. O. (2011): Radio and rain: Friends and foes 62nd inaugural lecture delivered at Federal University of Technology, Akure.
Anaka E.R., Zhimwang J.T., Shaka O.S. and E. P. Ogherohwo (2021): Modelling of the Rain Rate and Rain Attenuation for the Design of Line-of-Sight Link Budget over Warri, Delta State, International Astronomy and Astrophysics Research Journal, 3(3), 62-72.
Ayantunji, B.G., Mai-unguwa, H., Adamu, A. and Orisekeh, K. (2013): Tropospheric influences on satellite communication in tropical environment: A case study of Nigeria, International Journal of Engineering and Innovative Technology, 2(2), 111 – 116.
Bhattacharya. R, R. Das, R. Guha, S. D. Barman, and A. B. Bhattacharya, (2007): Variability of millimetrewave rain attenuation and rain rate prediction: A survey, Indian Journal of Radio and Space Physics, 36(4), 325–344.
Dissanayake W. (2002): Ka-Band propagation modeling for Fixed Satellite Application, Online Journal of Space Communication, 2.
Ezeh G.N., Chukwuneke N.S., Ogujiofor N.C. and Diala U.H. (2014): Effects of rain attenuation on satellite communication link, Advances in Science and Technology Research Journal, 8(22), 1–11
Fadilah, N., and Pratama, R. (2018): Comparison of rain attenuation estimation in high frequency in Indonesia region for LAPAN communication satellite, 6th International Seminar of Aerospace Science and Technology, IOP Conf. Series: Journal of Physics: Conf. Series 1130, 1-7).
Fikih F. A., Eko S., and Gamantyo H. (2011): Computation of Rain Attenuation in Tropical Region with Multiple Scattering and Multiple Absorption Effects Using Exponential Drop Size Distribution, IEEE. 978-1-4244-6051-9/11
ITU-Recommendation P.530-17 (2017): Propagation data and prediction methods required for the design of terrestrial line-of-sight systems, 59
Islam M.D, Zain E., Omer E., Othman O. K., Zahirul A. A., Sheroz K., and Naji A.W. (2012): Prediction of signal attenuation due to duststorms using mie scattering, IIUM Engineering Journal,11(1).
Khoshkholgh M.G., K. Navaie, K. G. Shin, and V. CM Leung (2016): Provisioning statistical QoS for coordinated communications with limited feedback, in IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBE-COM)
Modupe S. D, Oluropo W., and Kolawole, L. (2020): 1-minute rain rate distribution for communication link design based on ground and satellite measurements in West Africa, Telecommunications and Radio Engineering,79, 533-543.
O. J. Igbekele1, B. J. Kwaha, E. P. Ogherohwo and J. T. Zhimwang (2020): Performance Analysis of the Impact of Rain Attenuated Signal on Mobile Cellular Terrestrial Links in Jos, Nigeria, Physical science international journal. 24(1), 14-26.
O. J. Igbekele1, E. P. Ogherohwo, B. J. Kwaha, and J. T. Zhimwang (2019): Assessment of the impact of durable rain propagation losses on mobile cellular terrestrial links in Jos, African Journal of Natural Sciences, 22, 71-78
Odesanya Ituabhor, Isabona Joseph, Jangfa Timothy Zhimwang, and Ikechi Risi (2022): Cascade Forward Neural Networks-based Adaptive Model for Real-time Adaptive Learning of Stochastic Signal Power Datasets, International Journal of Computer Network and Information Security,3. 63-74.
Syed Nauman Ahmed, Aamir Zeb Shaikh, Shabbar Naqvi, and Talat Altaf, (2071): Impact of Cloud Attenuation on Ka-Band Satellite Links in Karachi, Pakistan, Journal of Applied Environmental and Biological Sciences, 7(10), 71-77.
Yahaya Yunisa, Zhimwang J.T., Ibrahim Aminu, SHAKA O. S. and Frank L.M (2022): Design and Construction of 5KVA Solar Power Inverter System, International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Management (IJAEM), 4(2), 1355-1358.
Zhimwang J.T., Ogherohwo E. P. and Igbekele O. J. (2018): Estimation of the long-term propagation losses due to rain on microwave links over Jos, Nigeria, FUPRE Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 2(2), 14.