Band-gap, Urbach's energy tail and Magnetic Analysis of Cs3+-Ni2+ Doped Zinc Spinel Ferrites Nanoparticles

Authors

Keywords:

Band gap energy, Coercivity, Magnetization, Rare-earth element, Urbach energy, Zinc spinel ferrite

Abstract

Over the years, spinel ferrites has attracted the attention of the research community as a result of the possibility for a variety of applications. Several attempts have been made in order to modify the optical and magnetic properties of spinel ferrites. Cs3+–Ni2+ substituted zinc spinel ferrite with chemical composition Zn1-xCsxFe2-xNixO4 (x=0.0, 0.1, 0.2) was prepared using sol-gel auto-combustion method and calcinated at 700oC for 5hrs. The UV-vis spectroscopy shows the presence of UV-cut-off at 447nm. The urbach energy tail increase with increase in Cs3+ and Ni2+ ions concentration. The band gap energy of the prepared samples was found to be in a semiconductor region. VSM analysis shows the appearance of super-exchange interaction as a result of replacement of Zn2+ by Cs3+ ions in A-site and Fe3+ by Ni2+ ions in B-site resulted in the slight decrease in the values of  and . The values of  is less than 0.5 which shows a single magnetic domain with uniaxial anisotropy. The values of  and  decrease with addition of Cs3+ and Ni2+ ions concentration. This decrease shows the anisotropic nature of the prepared samples.

Dimensions

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Published

2025-09-23

How to Cite

Ibrahim, U. M., Maikudi, S., Musa, A., Mohammed, J., & Ahmed, F. (2025). Band-gap, Urbach’s energy tail and Magnetic Analysis of Cs3+-Ni2+ Doped Zinc Spinel Ferrites Nanoparticles. Nigerian Journal of Physics, 34(2), 218-224. https://doi.org/10.62292/10.62292/njp.v34i2.2025.444

Issue

Vol. 34 No. 2 (2025): Nigerian Journal of Physics - Vol. 34 No. 2

Section

Articles
Copyright & Licensing

How to Cite

Ibrahim, U. M., Maikudi, S., Musa, A., Mohammed, J., & Ahmed, F. (2025). Band-gap, Urbach’s energy tail and Magnetic Analysis of Cs3+-Ni2+ Doped Zinc Spinel Ferrites Nanoparticles. Nigerian Journal of Physics, 34(2), 218-224. https://doi.org/10.62292/10.62292/njp.v34i2.2025.444

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